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|
Variable
|
Total number
|
Fecal carriage, n (%)
|
p value
|
|---|
|
Overall
|
182
|
117 (64.3)
| |
|
Age group
| | |
0.06
|
|
18–25
|
50
|
39 (78.0)
|
|
26–35
|
107
|
63 (58.9)
|
|
35+
|
25
|
15 (60.0)
|
|
Gestational age
| | |
0.69
|
|
37–39
|
121
|
75 (62.0)
|
|
40–42
|
57
|
39 (68.4)
|
|
43–45
|
4
|
3 (75.0)
|
|
Number of parity
| | |
0.26
|
|
0–1
|
73
|
50 (68.5)
|
|
2
|
53
|
36 (67.9)
|
|
3+
|
56
|
31 (55.4)
|
|
Education level
| | |
0.001
|
|
Low
|
80
|
62 (77.5)
|
|
High
|
102
|
55 (53.9)
|
|
HIV status
| | |
0.16
|
|
Positive
|
9
|
8 (88.9)
|
|
Negative
|
173
|
109 (63.0)
|
|
Self-prescription of antibiotic medication in pregnancy
| | |
0.001
|
|
Yes
|
95
|
72 (75.8)
|
|
No
|
87
|
45 (51.7)
|
|
Types of toilet used
| | |
1.00
|
|
Flush
|
154
|
99 (64.3)
|
|
Hole
|
28
|
18 (64.3)
|
|
Toilet sharing
| | |
0.01
|
|
No
|
46
|
22 (47.8)
|
|
Yes
|
136
|
95 (69.9)
|
|
Handwashing with soap before eating
| | |
0.17
|
|
Yes
|
159
|
99 (62.3)
|
|
No
|
23
|
18 (78.3)
|
|
Handwashing using soap after defecation
| | |
0.03
|
|
Yes
|
156
|
95 (60.9)
|
|
No
|
26
|
22 (84.6)
|
|
Use of treated drinking water
| | |
0.27
|
|
Yes
|
113
|
69 (61.1)
|
|
No
|
69
|
48 (69.6)
|
- In bold p value of less than 0.05 that indicates statistically significant association (Fisher’s exact test)
