The utility of point of care serum lactate in predicting serious adverse outcomes among critically ill adult patients at urban emergency departments of tertiary hospitals in Tanzania

Table 3 Patient’s EMD laboratory investigations and management plan

Variables	n (%)
Laboratory investigations
Serum lactate mean 3.2 ± 3.6 mmol/L
Lactate levels (mmol/L) N = 387
< 2	182 (47.0)
2 to < 4	133 (34.4)
≥ 4	72 (18.6)
Hyponatremia (Na⁺ < 136 mmol/L), N = 380	209 (55)
High urea (Serum Ur > 6 mmol/L), N = 336	174 (51.8)
High creatinine (serum Cr > 115 μmol/L), N = 321	153 (47.7)
WBC^Ω < 4 or > 11, N = 150	71 (47.3)
PH (acidemia < 7.35), N = 287	100 (34.8)
Hypokalemia (K⁺ < 3.5 mmol/L), N = 379	112 (29.6)
Hemoglobin (< 7 g/dl), N = 266	41 (15.4)
mRDT positive, N = 371	24 (13.7)
Hyperkalemia (K⁺ > 5.5 mmol/L), N = 379	48 (12.7)
Low RBG, N = 371	19 (5.1)
HIV positive, N = 332	13 (3.9)
EMD management (N = 387)
Intravenous fluids	328 (84.8)
Antibiotics	166 (42.9)
Oxygen therapy	104 (26.9)
Intubations	22 (5.7)
Blood transfusion	21 (5.4)
Inotropes/vasopressors	10 (2.6)
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation	9 (2.3)

ISSN: 1349-4147